Thomas P. Jamieson was born in Scotland, the son of Francis and Jessie (Paterson) Jamieson. He came to the United States in the 1880s and was soon joined by younger brother James P. Jamieson in the office of their countryman, Robert B. Kennedy. In 1890/91 he was a student at the Pennsylvania Museum and School of Industrial Art. Jamieson's first independent commissions are noted in the Philadelphia Real Estate Record and Builders Guide in 1895 and continue through 1897; however, by 1898 he was operating from an office at 2219 Chestnut Street, an address shared by David S. Gendell. By the early twentieth century Jamieson was part of William Steele & Company.

Thomas P. Jamieson joined the T-Square Club in 1884 after being nominated for membership by Robert G. Kennedy.